She was the first women member of the Royal Statistical Society and an honorary member of the American Statistical Association. She was clearly a pioneer, not only in the area of nursing, but also in statistical analysis, and more specifically, in the presentation of the data. The final report on India showed that after making these changes the death rate dropped from 69 to 18 per 1,000 soldiers. These were the same factors identified and fixed at Scutari by the Sanitation Commission. Later she focused on the British Army in India where she showed that bad drainage, contaminated water, overcrowding and poor ventilation were causing high death rates.
She created the Rose Diagram as part of a text, Contribution to the Sanitary History of the British Army (1859), and later pamphlets that she distributed to influential people in an effort to improve the sanitation conditions in hospitals. When Florence Nightingale returned to England she began a rigorous study of these numbers, numbers that she herself collected at Scutari.
However, other historians have shown that it was the work of the Sanitation Commission that resulted in the dramatic decline in deaths. The death rate at the hospital declined and she and her nursing staff are often credited for this work. Cleaning bed sheets, washing patients, writing letters for soldiers, and providing healthier food. This is where the story gets interesting, and often clouded.įlorence Nightingale and her staff were not immediately welcomed by the doctors and other staff, however, over time, she was able to make substantial changes to hospital. She arrived in November 1854 with 38 nurses. The Secretary of War was a personal friend of the Nightingale family, and he agreed to dispatch her to organize and manage a group of female nurses. During the Crimean War (1854-1856), there were newspaper reports of the terrible conditions in the English war camp hospitals, most notably the Scutari hospital in Turkey. Her family discouraged her, but she was head strong and from 1851-1853 she trained as a nurse. Nurses in those days were typically poor, uneducated, and not skilled in the medical profession as they are today. She had a "divine calling" as a teenager and wanted to be a nurse, an occupation that didn't really exist at the time. She grew up in a wealthy family, and the family and social expectation was that she would marry and have a family of her own. The story behind this diagram is fascinating. First, a little background about the Rose Diagram and this redesign.įlorence Nightingale's Rose Diagram has become one of the most famous data visualizations ever created. My original redesign was created in Adobe Illustrator, but in this blog post I will outline the steps to create it in Tableau. It was recently recreated in Tableau by Satoshi Ganeko and featured as the Tableau Viz of the Day yesterday. The original diagram was published in Contribution to the Sanitary History of the British Army (1859). In our first episode, I showed a redesign of the famous Florence Nightingale Rose Chart. Last month, Steve Wexler and I did our first Chart Chat episode and you can sign up for our second episode here. A Redesign of Florence Nightingale's Rose Chart
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